This survey was carried out December 12–18, 2019 with a representative sample of all Russian urban and rural residents. The sample comprised 1608 people age 18 or older from 137 localities in 50 regions of the Russian Federation. The survey was conducted as a personal interview in respondents’ homes. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys.
The statistical error of these studies for a selection of 1600 people (with a probability of 0.95) does not exceed:
3.4% for indicators around 50%
2.9% for indicators around 25%/75%
2.0% for indicators around 10%/90%
1.5% for indicators around 5%/95%
HOW WILL THE COMING YEAR BE FOR YOU IN COMPARISON WITH THE YEAR THAT IS ENDING? (the year in question is listed)
| Definitely better | I really hope that it will be better | I don’t think it will be worse | I doubt anything will change | Next year may well be worse than this last one | It is difficult to say | |
| 2020 | 12 | 51 | 14 | 16 | 4 | 3 |
| 2019 | 8 | 50 | 17 | 17 | 5 | 4 |
| 2018 | 6 | 49 | 22 | 14 | 3 | 6 |
| 2017 | 7 | 46 | 20 | 18 | 4 | 5 |
| 2016 | 5 | 41 | 22 | 19 | 8 | 5 |
| 2015 | 6 | 40 | 22 | 17 | 10 | 4 |
| 2014 | 5 | 48 | 22 | 16 | 3 | 6 |
| 2013 | 6 | 50 | 21 | 16 | 2 | 5 |
| 2012 | 6 | 50 | 21 | 17 | 3 | 4 |
| 2011 | 9 | 49 | 20 | 12 | 4 | 6 |
| 2010 | 9 | 48 | 19 | 13 | 4 | 7 |
| 2009 | 6 | 43 | 20 | 15 | 11 | 6 |
| 2008 | 11 | 45 | 17 | 18 | 6 | 3 |
| 2007 | 8 | 41 | 17 | 25 | 5 | 4 |
| 2006 | 6 | 46 | 18 | 19 | 7 | 4 |
| 2005 | 8 | 38 | 13 | 26 | 12 | 3 |
| 2004 | 7 | 47 | 21 | 19 | 3 | 4 |
| 2003 | 5 | 45 | 24 | 19 | 4 | 3 |
| 2002 | 7 | 42 | 22 | 20 | 5 | 4 |
| 2001 | 6 | 51 | 18 | 17 | 4 | 4 |
| 2000 | 6 | 46 | 17 | 18 | 6 | 7 |
| 1999 | 2 | 27 | 14 | 27 | 23 | 8 |
| 1998 | 4 | 31 | 20 | 25 | 9 | 11 |
| 1997 | 5 | 28 | 12 | 30 | 19 | 7 |
| 1996 | 4 | 33 | 19 | 25 | 12 | 7 |
| 1995 | 6 | 36 | 15 | 20 | 15 | 9 |
| 1994 | 6 | 42 | 11 | 23 | 11 | 7 |
| 1993 | 4 | 34 | 12 | 19 | 24 | 7 |
| 1992 | 2 | 23 | 7 | 18 | 44 | 7 |
| 1991 | 1 | 25 | 5 | 19 | 37 | 12 |
| 1990 | 4 | 40 | 12 | 22 | 13 | 9 |
DO YOU FEEL HOPEFUL, UNCERTAIN, OR ANXIOUS ABOUT THE COMING YEAR, 2020?
| Jan. 03 | Jan. 13 | Jan. 14 | Jan. 15 | Jan. 16 | Jan. 17 | Jan. 18 | Dec. 18 | Dec. 19 | |
| Hopeful | 50 | 51 | 51 | 47 | 43 | 57 | 62 | 64 | 71 |
| Uncertain | 21 | 24 | 25 | 24 | 26 | 23 | 18 | 14 | 11 |
| Anxious | 25 | 20 | 19 | 25 | 28 | 17 | 16 | 20 | 17 |
| It is difficult to say | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
DO YOU THINK 2020 WILL BE A CALM OR A CHALLENGING YEAR FOR YOUR FAMILY AND YOU PERSONALLY? (the year in question is listed)
| 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely calm | 12 | 13 | 13 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 14 | 16 |
| Likely calm | 48 | 46 | 51 | 48 | 54 | 55 | 41 | 33 | 48 | 46 | 49 |
| Likely challenging | 22 | 17 | 15 | 29 | 15 | 17 | 35 | 41 | 29 | 28 | 24 |
| Definitely challenging | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 4 | 6 | 4 |
| I don’t know | 14 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 19 | 18 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 6 |
DO YOU THINK 2020 WILL BE A CALM OR A CHALLENGING YEAR FOR RUSSIA’S ECONOMY? (the year in question is listed)
| 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely calm | 6 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 5 |
| Likely calm | 37 | 37 | 40 | 24 | 39 | 41 | 17 | 10 | 25 | 21 | 26 |
| Likely challenging | 34 | 24 | 25 | 48 | 29 | 28 | 52 | 52 | 49 | 46 | 45 |
| Definitely challenging | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 29 | 10 | 19 | 12 |
| I don’t know | 17 | 26 | 25 | 18 | 22 | 22 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 12 |
DO YOU THINK 2020 WILL BE A CALM OR A CHALLENGING YEAR FOR POLITICAL LIFE IN RUSSIA? (the year in question is listed)
| 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely calm | 5 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Likely calm | 34 | 34 | 36 | 20 | 38 | 42 | 18 | 14 | 25 | 22 | 26 |
| Likely challenging | 32 | 24 | 27 | 47 | 27 | 27 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 41 |
| Definitely challenging | 7 | 6 | 5 | 14 | 5 | 2 | 19 | 26 | 14 | 20 | 14 |
| I don’t know | 22 | 28 | 25 | 17 | 24 | 25 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 14 |
IS IT POSSIBLE THAT IN THE COMING YEAR RUSSIA WILL FACE… (the year being assessed is indicated)
… AN ECONOMIC CRISIS?
| 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 5 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 20 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 11 |
| Probably yes | 24 | 18 | 28 | 37 | 33 | 32 | 42 | 36 | 38 | 43 | 38 |
| Probably not | 45 | 44 | 40 | 34 | 37 | 40 | 20 | 27 | 29 | 26 | 35 |
| Definitely not | 13 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| I don’t know | 12 | 22 | 19 | 19 | 16 | 17 | 13 | 20 | 16 | 10 | 10 |
… LARGE-SCALE TECHNOLOGICAL DISASTERS?
| 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 7 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 6 |
| Probably yes | 34 | 36 | 46 | 43 | 38 | 28 | 31 | 23 | 30 | 26 | 27 |
| Probably not | 28 | 32 | 26 | 26 | 33 | 38 | 33 | 38 | 36 | 42 | 41 |
| Definitely not | 8 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 9 | 11 | 10 |
| I don’t know | 24 | 20 | 18 | 16 | 19 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 20 | 17 | 16 |
… LARGE-SCALE EPIDEMICS?
| 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 4 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Probably yes | 26 | 28 | 33 | 27 | 24 | 19 | 18 | 22 | 25 | 19 | 20 |
| Probably not | 37 | 39 | 36 | 37 | 44 | 46 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 45 | 47 |
| Definitely not | 10 | 8 | 9 | 12 | 9 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 19 | 16 |
| I don’t know | 23 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 19 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 |
… HIGH-PROFILE CORRUPTION SCANDALS AND THE DISMISSAL OF VARIOUS MINISTERS?
| 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 14 | 13 | 10 | 16 | 17 | 9 | 10 | 14 | 16 | 14 | 16 |
| Probably yes | 46 | 47 | 50 | 55 | 48 | 42 | 43 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 50 |
| Probably not | 16 | 18 | 21 | 15 | 17 | 26 | 21 | 19 | 20 | 18 | 18 |
| Definitely not | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 6 |
| I don’t know | 19 | 19 | 14 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 | 14 | 10 |
…A COUP D’ETAT?*
| 1999 | 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 11 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Probably yes | 35 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 17 | 16 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
| Probably not | 26 | 44 | 39 | 40 | 45 | 43 | 51 | 36 | 36 | 42 | 46 | 41 | 45 |
| Definitely not | 16 | 36 | 31 | 25 | 20 | 24 | 26 | 40 | 40 | 38 | 28 | 34 | 32 |
| I don’t know | 12 | 9 | 19 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 |
… WIDESPREAD UNREST AND PUBLIC PROTESTS?
| 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 7 |
| Probably yes | 27 | 40 | 50 | 45 | 37 | 28 | 27 | 19 | 30 | 36 | 38 |
| Probably not | 36 | 28 | 25 | 31 | 35 | 38 | 37 | 42 | 40 | 32 | 34 |
| Definitely not | 13 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 16 | 18 | 25 | 13 | 16 | 13 |
| I don’t know | 19 | 18 | 13 | 12 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 8 | 8 |
… WIDESPREAD INTER-ETHNIC CONFLICTS?
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 6 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Probably yes | 42 | 26 | 26 | 15 | 25 | 20 | 18 |
| Probably not | 30 | 41 | 38 | 45 | 44 | 45 | 50 |
| Definitely not | 6 | 15 | 17 | 24 | 14 | 22 | 19 |
| I don’t know | 15 | 13 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 10 |
… ARMED CONFLICT WITH ONE OF RUSSIA’S NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES?
| 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| Probably yes | 18 | 23 | 19 | 22 | 21 | 18 | 21 | 25 | 18 | 19 | 30 | 20 |
| Probably not | 44 | 38 | 38 | 42 | 40 | 44 | 39 | 34 | 43 | 48 | 38 | 45 |
| Definitely not | 22 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 15 | 19 | 16 | 20 | 13 | 16 | 22 |
| I don’t know | 14 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 18 | 20 | 15 | 21 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 11 |
… WAR WITH THE USA OR NATO?
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 5 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| Probably yes | 11 | 11 | 8 | 19 | 17 | 13 |
| Probably not | 41 | 40 | 46 | 47 | 42 | 46 |
| Definitely not | 27 | 27 | 31 | 15 | 26 | 29 |
| I don’t know | 16 | 21 | 14 | 16 | 13 | 11 |
… A WORSENING OF THE SITUATION IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS?**
| 2006 | 2007 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Definitely yes | 8 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Probably yes | 41 | 29 | 32 | 30 | 35 | 36 | 22 | 23 | 20 | 24 | 18 | 14 |
| Probably not | 27 | 36 | 28 | 34 | 30 | 30 | 38 | 37 | 41 | 46 | 45 | 49 |
| Definitely not | 9 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 5 | 13 | 12 | 17 | 8 | 17 | 21 |
| I don’t know | 17 | 24 | 26 | 25 | 22 | 23 | 20 | 24 | 20 | 17 | 18 | 15 |
* In 1998 the question was presented as follows: “IN YOUR OPINION, HOW LIKELY IS A COUP D’ETAT TO OCCUR IN RUSSIA DURING THE COMING YEAR OR TWO?”
** In 2005 the question was presented as follows: “IS IT POSSIBLE THAT IN THE COMING YEAR THERE WILL BE ANOTHER ARMED CONFLICT IN THE CAUCASUS REGION IN RUSSIA?”
Translated by Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey (formerly Monterey Institute of International Studies).
The ANO Levada Center has been included in the registry of non-commercial organizations acting as foreign agents. Read the Director of the Levada Center’s statement of disagreement with this decision here.