The survey took place between 22 and 25 May 2015 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 134 localities of 46 of the country’s regions. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys. The statistical error of these studies does not exceed 3.4%.
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA?
|
Jan. 14 |
7-10 Mar. 2014 |
21-24 Mar. 2014 |
May 14 |
July 14 |
Sept. 14 |
Nov. 14 |
Jan. 15 |
Mar. 15 |
May 15 |
|
| Very positive |
2 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
|
In principle, positive |
41 |
32 |
25 |
15 |
16 |
16 |
17 |
11 |
17 |
14 |
|
In principle, negative |
36 |
44 |
41 |
40 |
34 |
43 |
42 |
42 |
38 |
41 |
| Very negative |
8 |
12 |
20 |
31 |
40 |
30 |
32 |
39 |
35 |
32 |
| It is difficult to say |
13 |
10 |
13 |
11 |
9 |
10 |
9 |
7 |
8 |
12 |
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE EUROPEAN UNION?
|
Jan. 14 |
Mar. 14 |
21-24 Mar. 2014 |
May 14 |
July 14 |
Sept. 14 |
Nov. 14 |
Jan. 15 |
Mar. 15 |
May 15 |
|
| Very positive |
1 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
In principle, positive |
50 |
42 |
31 |
22 |
25 |
17 |
24 |
18 |
23 |
24 |
|
In principle, negative |
30 |
35 |
38 |
38 |
33 |
45 |
41 |
43 |
38 |
38 |
| Very negative |
4 |
6 |
15 |
22 |
27 |
23 |
22 |
28 |
26 |
21 |
| It is difficult to say |
15 |
14 |
15 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
12 |
9 |
11 |
16 |
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS UKRAINE?
|
Jan. 14 |
Mar. 14 |
21-24 Mar. 2014 |
May 14 |
July 14 |
Sept. 14 |
Nov. 14 |
Jan. 15 |
Mar. 15 |
May 15 |
|
| Very positive |
6 |
6 |
6 |
5 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
|
In principle, positive |
60 |
57 |
46 |
30 |
30 |
29 |
25 |
20 |
28 |
23 |
|
In principle, negative |
22 |
19 |
28 |
33 |
30 |
39 |
40 |
36 |
34 |
36 |
| Very negative |
4 |
6 |
9 |
16 |
25 |
16 |
19 |
28 |
21 |
23 |
| It is difficult to say |
9 |
12 |
11 |
17 |
13 |
13 |
12 |
13 |
13 |
14 |
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS BELARUS?
|
Jan. 14 |
Mar. 14 |
May 14 |
July 14 |
Sept. 14 |
Nov. 14 |
Jan. 15 |
Mar. 15 |
May 15 |
|
| Very positive |
12 |
19 |
21 |
20 |
22 |
24 |
19 |
22 |
29 |
| In principle, positive |
71 |
68 |
64 |
61 |
61 |
63 |
62 |
63 |
54 |
| In principle, negative |
10 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
7 |
5 |
8 |
5 |
5 |
| Very negative |
1 |
2 |
1 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
| It is difficult to say |
7 |
6 |
9 |
7 |
9 |
6 |
8 |
7 |
9 |
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHINA?
|
May 14 |
Nov. 14 |
Jan. 15 |
Mar. 15 |
May 15 |
|
| Very positive |
13 |
13 |
15 |
13 |
22 |
| In principle, positive |
64 |
61 |
65 |
63 |
58 |
| In principle, negative |
6 |
10 |
6 |
9 |
6 |
| Very negative |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
| It is difficult to say |
15 |
13 |
11 |
13 |
13 |
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS GEORGIA?
|
Jan. 14 |
July 14 |
Sept. 14 |
Nov. 14 |
Mar. 15 |
May 15 |
|
| Very positive |
3 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
| In principle, positive |
48 |
41 |
43 |
49 |
43 |
38 |
| In principle, negative |
30 |
25 |
27 |
25 |
26 |
29 |
| Very negative |
6 |
13 |
7 |
8 |
7 |
7 |
| It is difficult to say |
14 |
18 |
19 |
14 |
20 |
22 |
IN YOUR OPINION, WHERE ARE PEOPLE HAPPIER TO LIVE: IN SMALL COUNTRIES, SUCH AS SWEDEN OR SWITZERLAND, OR IN LARGE, POWERFUL COUNTRIES, SUCH AS THE USA?
|
Nov. 07 |
Nov. 11 |
Mar. 14 |
Mar. 15 |
|
| In small countries, such as Sweden or Switzerland |
49 |
54 |
44 |
44 |
| In large, powerful countries, such as the USA |
10 |
11 |
15 |
14 |
| The same in both large and small countries |
27 |
24 |
28 |
30 |
| It is difficult to say |
14 |
11 |
13 |
12 |
NAME FIVE COUNTRIES THAT YOU WOULD CALL RUSSIA’S CLOSEST FRIENDS OR ALLIES (multiple answers given; answers ranked by the last measure)
|
2005 |
2007 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
|
| Belarus |
46 |
38 |
50 |
49 |
35 |
34 |
46 |
51 |
55 |
| China |
12 |
19 |
18 |
16 |
18 |
16 |
20 |
40 |
43 |
| Kazakhstan |
20 |
39 |
38 |
32 |
33 |
28 |
31 |
37 |
41 |
| India |
16 |
14 |
12 |
14 |
16 |
9 |
7 |
13 |
18 |
| Armenia |
9 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
11 |
11 |
12 |
15 |
18 |
| Cuba |
– |
8 |
11 |
10 |
13 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
14 |
| Azerbaijan |
5 |
5 |
10 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
9 |
11 |
| Kyrgyzstan |
5 |
7 |
9 |
4 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
10 |
| Venezuela |
– |
2 |
8 |
10 |
6 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
9 |
| Serbia |
3 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
5 |
8 |
| Uzbekistan |
4 |
6 |
9 |
5 |
7 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
| Turkey |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
7 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
8 |
| Tajikistan |
3 |
7 |
9 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
8 |
7 |
| Mongolia |
– |
3 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
6 |
| Bulgaria |
11 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
9 |
7 |
10 |
8 |
4 |
| Egypt |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
| Turkmenistan |
2 |
8 |
5 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
| Georgia |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Czech Republic |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
| North Korea |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
| Slovakia |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Syria |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
| Germany |
23 |
24 |
17 |
24 |
20 |
17 |
14 |
4 |
2 |
| Israel |
5 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
| Japan |
4 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
| Iran |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Moldova |
4 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
7 |
2 |
| Italy |
6 |
8 |
5 |
8 |
6 |
7 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
| Poland |
5 |
3 |
2 |
5 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
| Finland |
6 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
6 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
| Sweden |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
| Hungary |
3 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
| France |
13 |
9 |
9 |
11 |
9 |
9 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
| Iraq |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| South Korea |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
| Australia |
3 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
| Canada |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
| Ukraine |
17 |
11 |
3 |
20 |
21 |
13 |
16 |
1 |
1 |
| Afghanistan |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Lithuania |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
| USA |
11 |
6 |
2 |
7 |
5 |
2 |
4 |
<1 |
1 |
| Estonia |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
|
Great Britain, Romania, South Africa, Latvia, Saudi Arabia, and other countries (in May 2015, each was less than 0.4%) |
19 |
15 |
19 |
14 |
8 |
7 |
12 |
5 |
3 |
| None |
10 |
10 |
13 |
11 |
11 |
17 |
15 |
13 |
11 |
| It is difficult to say |
14 |
18 |
14 |
12 |
15 |
18 |
14 |
16 |
14 |
WHICH FIVE COUNTRIES WOULD YOU NAME AS HAVING THE MOST UNFRIENDLY AND HOSTILE RELATIONS TOWARDS RUSSIA? (multiple answers given; answers ranked by the last measure)
|
2005 |
2007 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
|
| USA |
23 |
35 |
45 |
26 |
33 |
35 |
38 |
69 |
73 |
| Ukraine |
13 |
23 |
41 |
13 |
20 |
15 |
11 |
30 |
37 |
| Latvia |
49 |
36 |
35 |
36 |
35 |
26 |
21 |
23 |
25 |
| Lithuania |
42 |
32 |
35 |
35 |
34 |
25 |
17 |
24 |
25 |
| Poland |
4 |
20 |
10 |
14 |
20 |
8 |
8 |
12 |
22 |
| Great Britain |
3 |
3 |
8 |
6 |
8 |
7 |
9 |
18 |
21 |
| Estonia |
32 |
60 |
30 |
28 |
30 |
23 |
16 |
21 |
19 |
| Germany |
3 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
18 |
19 |
| Georgia |
38 |
46 |
62 |
57 |
50 |
41 |
33 |
19 |
11 |
| Canada |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
7 |
8 |
| France |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
7 |
| Japan |
6 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
9 |
6 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
| Afghanistan |
12 |
11 |
7 |
14 |
15 |
8 |
10 |
5 |
4 |
| Romania |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Italy |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
3 |
| Australia |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
3 |
| Moldova |
4 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Israel |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
| Finland |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
| Iran |
6 |
7 |
3 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
| Iraq |
10 |
8 |
5 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
7 |
3 |
2 |
| Saudi Arabia |
– |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
| Czech Republic |
1 |
2 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
2 |
| Sweden |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
– |
– |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
| Bulgaria |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
2 |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
| Turkey |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
| Belarus |
2 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
8 |
3 |
2 |
<1 |
1 |
| North Korea |
<1 |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
| Syria |
1 |
– |
<1 |
<1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
| Azerbaijan |
5 |
4 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
| Tajikistan |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
| Armenia |
4 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
<1 |
1 |
| Kazakhstan |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| South Africa |
– |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
China, South Korea, Slovakia, Egypt, Serbia, Hungary, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Cuba, Turkmenistan, Venezuela, India, Mongolia, and other countries (in May 2015 each was less than 0.4%) |
22 |
21 |
15 |
19 |
36 |
25 |
24 |
12 |
4 |
| None |
5 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
14 |
7 |
7 |
3 |
3 |
| It is difficult to say |
15 |
17 |
15 |
17 |
1 |
21 |
24 |
17 |
14 |
WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS GERMANS?
|
Nov. 00 |
Nov. 02 |
Nov. 03 |
Nov. 04 |
June 05 |
Nov. 05 |
Nov. 06 |
Nov. 07 |
May 15 |
|
| Sympathy and interest |
9 |
9 |
9 |
10 |
10 |
9 |
10 |
9 |
7 |
|
Neutral, as with any other people; without any particular feelings |
85 |
80 |
83 |
84 |
78 |
82 |
84 |
82 |
72 |
| Irritation and disgust |
4 |
8 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
4 |
5 |
8 |
| Distrust and fear |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
7 |
|
No answer; it is difficult to say |
1 |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
2 |
<1 |
<1 |
<1 |
5 |
HOW WOULD YOU EVALUATE THE CURRENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RUSSIA AND GERMANY? (one answer)
|
May 08 |
Aug. 08 |
Sept. 09 |
May 15 |
|
| Friendly |
9 |
8 |
9 |
3 |
| Good, neighborly |
26 |
28 |
24 |
6 |
| Normal, peaceful |
50 |
46 |
49 |
39 |
| Cool |
7 |
10 |
10 |
33 |
| Tense |
1 |
2 |
2 |
12 |
| Hostile |
<1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
| It is difficult to say |
7 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
Translated by Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey (formerly Monterey Institute of International Studies).